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The Wall Street financial meltdown of 2007-08 that began with the housing-mortgage crisis in mid-year 2006 and that still persists in mid-year 2012 set in motion a regimen of regulatory reforms not seen since the Great Depression.

Had the regulatory regime of the past engaged in better risk management, the current financial crisis might not have occurred in the first place. Had the financial collapse not occurred, then the uncomfortable sequence of bailouts and exceptional favors for a privileged banking oligopoly “to right the U.S. system” would not have happened.

Now consider that Dodd-Frank was passed to rein in Wall Street risk-taking and oversized bonuses, to end bailouts and too-big-to-fail, and to prevent future financial meltdowns.

Dodd-Frank—consisting of 243 new formal rules and 2300 pages of regulations—was also designed to help protect consumer interests. However, these as-yet-to-be-implemented rules all but ignore the speculative bubbles that caused the financial debacle. 

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Living in prison…once they’ve take away a man’s freedom, they’ve taken away everything. In prison, there are plenty of concessions they could make if they wanted to, so a person could at least live decently. But no, in prison there’s a system and everyone has to live under that system.

Through Nino’s testimony we learn that prison is a story of offences to human dignity and of lives at risk (not only those of the inmates but also those of the guards). It is a story of death, both by murder and by suicide. He provides us with data which go beyond his life experience as an inmate of “Le Nuove” prison in Turin. 

In this universe of unpredictable penalties, some inmates try... to regain some scrap of the world on the other side of the prison bars. This particular struggle, clearly, is only possible for those inmates who have the will and the various resources necessary to undertake and sustain it. We will hear of the very great importance assigned to such things as special passes to leave the prison for a few days, telephone calls, meetings with family members. And then there is the search for other ways - like that of maintaining a correspondence - which make it possible for the prisoner, if only in a temporary and symbolic way, to come out of his prison cell.

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After the whistle-blowing Congressional testimony of SEC attorney Darcy Flynn in the summer of 2011, it became well known that “the nation’s top financial police [had illegally] destroyed more than a decade’s worth of intelligence they had gathered on some of Wall Street’s most egregious offenders,” including insider trading and securities fraud investigations involving such Wall Street heavies as Goldman Sachs, Lehman Brothers, AIG, Deutsche Bank, and many others.[i] All totaled there were the records of some 9,000 investigations of wrongdoing or “Matters Under Inquiry” (MUI) since 1993 that were “deep sixed.” [buried at sea, ed.] There were also a cozy number of cases involving high-profile firms that were never graduated into full-blown criminal investigations because of what has been referred to as an “obstruction of justice” by misbehaving attorneys caught up in the revolving personnel doors of regulation and Wall Street.

The problem of controlling securities fraud goes far beyond revolving personnel doors that are not really conflicts of interests per se. As Matt Taibbi of Rolling Stone wrote during summer 2011, the “SEC could have placed federal agents on every corner of lower Manhattan throughout the past decade, and it might not have put a dent in the massive wave of corruption and fraud that left the economy in flames three years ago.”[ii] In the United States, the noncontrol of high stakes securities fraud or the lack of state-legal criminalization of security fraud has a very rich tradition.

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As a prominent member of the Cursoti clan of Italy's Catania region, Nino carried out numerous killings, hold-ups, kidnappings and extortions. He has collaborated with the law since 1984, and is serving a sentence of 30 years for a double murder committed on parole. From 1996 to 1997, for over forty hours, he and Professor Amedeo Cottino met in the prison where he was held. For the first time in English, we can listen to their conversations. Nino affirms that today he is another person. We seek to understand what he was and how he was different, if at all. In Part 4, we heard about the business culture and politics of organized crime. In Part 5, we will hear about the ideology of the Cursoti family and why Nino sees them as different from the Mafiosi. What emerges is an extraordinary account of family values and a military culture within a permanent state of war within the ghettoes. Nino does not consider himself to be either a bloodthirsty person or a madman, yet for a period of almost 15 years, he played a leading role in the gang. How was it possible for him to do what he did? And how does he judge, today, his actions in the past? Do the vendettas still hang over him? Why is death the only answer to life in that kind of gang/family/war culture?

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Saturday, May 25, 2013
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